Chickenpox Virus
Amid a backdrop of multiple health crises in India, including concerns over the Nipah virus, a resurgence of COVID-19 cases, and a surge in mosquito-borne illnesses like dengue and malaria, the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and National Institute of Virology (NIV) in Pune have identified a new variant of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) that causes chickenpox. Termed the Clade 9 VZV, this variant has raised questions about its characteristics, origins, and potential impact on vulnerable populations.
Termed the Clade 9 VZV, this variant has raised questions about its characteristics, origins, and potential impact on vulnerable populations. In this article, we provide answers to frequently asked questions about this newly detected chickenpox variant.
Chickenpox and the Clade 9 VZV
The varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is responsible for chickenpox, which leads to shingles in adults as well. The Clade 9 strain of VZV was previously prevalent in countries like Germany, the UK, and the US. However, a recent study identified Clade 9 VZV in India alongside the known Clade 1 and Clade 5 variants. Clades represent subtypes originating from a common ancestor.
Symptoms of Clade 9 VZV
Symptoms of Clade 9 VZV infection resemble typical chickenpox and include itchy rashes that evolve into blisters and scabs, along with fever, tiredness, loss of appetite, headache, and fatigue. Unlike regular chickenpox, this variant exhibits a faster progression of rashes.
CDC Warns COVID Delta Variant as Contagious as Chickenpox and Causes More Severe Illness https://t.co/bHX9yLfhwR
— People (@people) July 30, 2021
While Clade 9 VZV is newly identified in India, there is no evidence of increased disease severity compared to regular chickenpox. The treatment remains the same, focusing on symptom relief through over-the-counter medications, soothing baths, and hydration. Severe cases or complications, such as central nervous system involvement, necessitate immediate medical attention.
Preventing Varicella-Zoster Infection
Vaccination for children, following medical advice and immunization guidelines, is the primary defense against chickenpox. Although breakthrough infections can occur post-vaccination with milder symptoms, practicing good hygiene, including regular handwashing, can reduce the risk of infection. Chickenpox is contagious from 1 to 2 days before rash onset until scabs form, emphasizing the importance of avoiding close contact with infected individuals during this period.
As a result of the emergence of the Clade 9 VZW variant in India, monitoring and genomic surveillance of infections is increasingly relevant throughout the country. Even though the variant does not pose a higher risk, it is essential to know potential threats. Till then, everyone is asked to follow proper hygiene measures as India goes through major health challenges.
